ASSESSING RELIABILITY OF CARD AGGLUTINATION TEST FOR TRYPANOSOMIASIS IN SCREENING GAMBIAN SLEEPING SICKNESS AT ABRAKA ENDEMIC FOCUS
Abstract
Introduction: Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is one of the neglected tropical diseases. It is endemic in Abraka, south south , Nigeria . Clinical features of this disease are not sufficiently specific for diagnosis of HAT; a definition diagnosis relies on laboratory examination. The card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis (CATT) is a useful fast practical serological test for HAT screening in endemic areas. There are indications that CATT results may be misleading since it is not 100% sensitive. The objective of the study was to evaluate the reliability of CATT test in Abraka sleeping sickness endemic focus.
Method: This study was carried out in Oria-Abraka for about two years from march 2013. A total of 254 consenting individuals were screened with CATT reagent. All sero-positive individuals were further subdivided into mild, moderate and severely positive. Detailed clinical examination and parasitological evaluation of blood, csf and aspirates of lymph node, of all seropositive individuals were done to confirm the diagnosis of HAT. 26 seropositive were followed-up for 24months and one for 3months.
Results: 27 of the 254 consenting individual tested positive to CATT test, giving a seropositivity of 10.6%. All the seropositive individuals were parasitologically negative after series of parasitological examinations over 24months period. They were all also positive to malaria parasite test.
Conclusion:Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosomiasis is not specific enough for screening for trypanosome brucei gambiense infestation within the Abraka sleeping sickness endemic focus
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