SPUTUM AFB POSITIVITY OF SUSPECTED TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN BENIN CITY NIGERIA
Keywords:
Tuberculosis, sputum positivityAbstract
Background: Tuberculosis ranks as the second leading cause of death from infectious diseases worldwide only next to HIV. It is a chronic debilitating condition caused by a bacterium of the genus Mycobacterium, mainly mycobacterium hominis.
Aim: To determine the prevalence of AFB positivity among patients attending University of Benin Teaching Hospital.
Material and Methods: A retrospective record review was done by extracting relevant data from the records of patients screened for PTB using sputum AFB in UBTH over a 1-year period. Analysis was done using SPSS Version 20.0.
Result: Of the 895 patients results reviewed, 123 (13.7%) were positive, 772 (84.2%) were negative. Of the 123 that were positive 47 (37.6%) were females and 76 (62.4%) were males. Of the negatives, 432 (56.0%) were females and 340 (44.0%) were males. The difference between the male and female positivity was statistically significant with a p value of 0.0001. The highest number of positive cases were seen in the age range 30 39 years (30: 18.6%). Of those that had positive sputum samples, 6 (4.9%) were children age less than 18 years.
Conclusion: The prevalence of positivity in the study area is relatively high compared to other regions, there is therefore need for concerted efforts at all levels of government to put in place programmes that will encourage poverty reduction and overcrowding while at the same time encouraging immunisation.
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