Prevalence of Occupational Burnout among Healthcare Workers in Government-owned Health Facilities in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4314/ajtmbr.v6i2.5Keywords:
health workers, Occupational Burnout;, Stress;Abstract
Introduction: One of the serious issues facing global health care systems, patient care, and patient safety is burnout among health care workers which is a psychological condition affecting people who work at a job for a prolonged period of time and are exposed to interpersonal and emotional pressures. This study evaluated the prevalence of occupational burnout among health care workers in government-owned health facilities in Delta State, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted for this investigation. Stratified (proportionate) random sampling was adopted and the questionnaire was self-administered to 140 respondents. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), was used to measure the prevalence of occupational burnout.
Results: Burnout scores were divided into low, average, and high categories. Out of the 140 study subjects, 113 (80.7%) were females and 27 (19.3%) were males giving a male to female ratio of 1:4.0. The workplace morbidity/lifestyle of respondents revealed that 6 (4.3%) were diagnosed with health problems prior to commencement of their current job and 38 (27.1%) were diagnosed with health problems on their current job. The majority of the respondents had musculoskeletal pain while 7.9% of the respondents had diabetes mellitus. As a result of stress in the workplace, 72
(51.4%) were overeating, 40 (28.6%) were inactive, 2 (1.4%) had increased use of alcohol. The findings in this study indicated that workload (30.7%) and shift work (20.0%) were the major sources of occupational burnout experienced by the HCWs with the overall prevalence of occupational burnout at 45.0%.
Conclusion: The study suggests the need for policy intervention from the health authorities of the state hospitals and the PHCs with regards to improving staff welfare, improving work family balance and effective family support from the family to reduce occupational burnout among HCWs.
References
Elbarazi I, LoneyT, Yousef S, Elias A. Prevalence and factors associated with burnout among health care professionals in Arab countries: A systemic review. BMC Health Service Research.2017;17 (491):1-10.
Vitalis F, Tsi H, Miriam A, Chia M, Carlson- barbila S. Prevalence and determinants of burnout syndrome among physicians in Cameroon: A research proposal BMC Res Notes. 2017;10(508):1-4.
International Classification of Diseases; 10th Edition World Health Organisation 2016. . Available at: www.Whoint/classification / ictio/brose/2016/en#/Z73.0. Accessed 15 April 2018.
Poloma S, Tea S, Ignjatovic Z, Klenence K. Burnout among Slovenian family medicine trainees: A cross sectional study. ZdravVerstn. 2012; 81:218-224.
Ibikunle PO, Amah E, Useh U. Prevalence and pattern of burnout syndrome among health care professionals in a university teaching hospital. Trop J Med Rcs. 2016; 19(2):144-148.
Turki MA, Sami A, Mohammed Z, Motasim B, Mir A. Physician well–being: Prevalence of burnout and its associated risk factors in a tertiary hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Ann Saudi Med. 2013; 33 (5):451-456.
Dubale BW, Friedman LE, Chemali Z, DeningerJW, Meta DH, Alem A. Systematic review of burnout among health care providers in sub-saharan Africa. BMC Public Health 2019; 19(1247):1-20.
Adeolu JO, Yussuf OB, Popoola OA. Prevalence and correlates of job stress among junior doctors in the university college hospital, Ibadan. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 2016; 14:92-8.
Ameh PO, Dankyau M. Risk factors for burnout among health care workers in an urban hospital. Nigerian Journal of Family Practice. 2015; 6(1):29-36.
Balogun J, Titiloye A. Prevalence and determinants of burnout among physical and occupational therapist in Nigeria. Journal of Allied Health. 2012; 31(3):1-5.
Okwaraji FE, Aguwa EN. Burnout and psychological distress among nurses in a Nigerian tertiary health institution. African Health Sciences. 2014; 14(1):237-245.
Pindar SK, Wakil MA, Jidda MS, Morakinyo AO, Coker MA. Burnout syndrome and depression among healthcare professionals in Maiduguri tertiary hospitals. Kanem Journal of Medical Sciences 2012; 6(1):23-28
National Population Commission of Nigeria. National Bureau of Statistics. 2017. Available at https://www.citypopulation.de>php.Accessed 10 July 2019.
Araoye MO. Research methodology with statistics for health and social sciences. 1st edition. llorin: Nathadex publishers; 2004: 115-129.
Adeolu JO, Yussuf OB, Popoola OA. Prevalence and correlates of job stress among junior doctors in the university college hospital, Ibadan. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 2016; 14:92-8.
Ogundipe OA, Olagunju AT, Lasebikan VO, Coker AO. Burnout among doctors in residency training
in a tertiary hospital. Asian J Psychiatr2014;10:27-32.
Lar-Ndam N, MadakiJKA, Pitmang L, Audu MD, Salihu DG. Burnout among primary care physicians in Jos- Plateau North central Nigeria. Nigeria Journal of Family Practice. 2015; 6(2):11-18.
Wen YM, Chung YY, Shyang-Rong S, Hong- Jen H, Chi SH, Fu-Chun C et al. Measurement of Waist Circumference. Diabetes Care. 2013; 36(3):1660-1666.
Onkst T. How to measure weight & height. Avalaible at www.ehow.com_7364488_ measure-weight-height.htm/. Accessed June 6, 2019
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About BMI for adults. Last updated July 11 2014. Avalaible from http://www.cdc.gov/ healthyweight/assessing/bmi/adult_bmi/i ndex.html/. Accessed 02/03/2021.
CoetzeSk, Wopper HC, Ellis M, Aiken LH. A tale of two systems-nurses practice environment, well-being, perceived quality of care and patient safety in private and public hospitals in South Africa: A questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2013; 50(2):162-173.
Ogboghodo EO, Oghoritsewarami EM. Assessment of Burnout among resident doctors in Benin city, Edo state Nigeria. Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal.2020; 27(3):215-223.
Resident and Student Health: Why Doctors marry Doctors: Exploring Medical Marriages. American Medical Association. Available from: http//www.ama-assn.org/residents-students/residents/students/health/why- doctos/marry-doctors-exploring-medical- marriages. Accessed on the 02/20/2021.
Adeolu JO, Yussuf OB, Popoola OA. Prevalence and correlates of job stress among junior doctors in the university college hospital, Ibadan. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 2016; 14:92-8.
Manit A, Ashish D, Divan IA. Prevalence of burnout among Australian Orthopaedic trainees: A cross sectional study. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery. 2014; 22 (3): 374 –377.
Ozumba LN, Alabere ID. Burnout among doctors and nurses at University of Porthacourt Teaching Hospital, South-South Nigeria. Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences. 2019; 7(1):61-68.
Odonkor ST, Frimpong K. Burnout among healthcare professionals in Ghana: A critical assessment. Biomed Research International. 2020; 16:1-8.
Al-Sareai NS, Al-KhaldiYM, Mostafa OA, Abdal-Fattah MM. Magnitude and risk factors for burnout among primary health care physicians in Asir province, Saudi-Arabia. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2013; 19(5):426-434.
Stanetic K, Tesanovic G. Influence of age and length of service on the level of stress and burnout. Med Pregl. 2013; 3(4):153-162.
Wisetborisut A, Angkurawaranon C, Jiraporncharoen W, Uaphanthasath R, Wiwatanadate P. Shift work and burnout among health care workers. Occupational Medicine. 2014; 64:279 – 286.
Aguwa E, Ntuka I, Arinze O. Assesment of burnout among health workers and bankers in Aba South Local Government Area, Abia State, South East Nigeria. Niger J Clinpract.2014; 17:296-302.
Biksegn A, Kenfe T, Matiwos S, Eshetu G. Burnout status at work among health care professionals in a tertiary hospital. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2016; 26(2):101-108.
Schooley B, Hikmet N, Tarcan M, Yorgancioglu G. Comparing burnout across emergency physicians, nurses, technicians, and health information technicians working for the same organization. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016; 95(10):e2856.
Yang S, Meredith P, Khan A. Stress and burnout among healthcare professionals working in a mental health setting in Singapore. Asian Journal of Psychiatric. 2015; 15:15-20.
Jovanic N, Podlesek V, Volpe U, Barrrett E, Ferrari S, Rojnic KM et al. Burnout syndrome among psychiatric trainees in 22 countries: Risk increased by long working hours, lack of supervision and psychiatry not being first career choice. Eur Psychiatric 2016; 32:34-41.
Altaf AS, Anam S, Rajesh K, Amber T. Assessment of burnout and its factors among doctors using
abbreviated Maslach burnout inventory. Cureus. 2019 ; 11(2):e4101.
Wong K, Chan HS, Ngan SC. The effect of long working hours and overtime on occupational health: A meta- analysis of evidence from 1998 to 2018. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16:1-22.
Gholami T, Pahlavian AH, Akbarzadeh M, Motamedzade M, Moghadam RH, Jeihoon AK. Effect on nursing burnout syndrome on musculoskeletal disorders. International Journal on Musculoskeletal Pain Prevention. 2016; 1(1):35-39.
Sorour AS, Abdl El-Maksoud MM. Relationship between musculoskeletal disorders, job demands, and burnout Among Emergency Nurses. Advanced Emergency Nursing Journal. 2012; 34(3):272-282.
Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Occupational Traumatic Injuries among Workers in Health Care Facilities- United States, 2012-2014. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR). 2015; 64(15):405-410.
Sui H, Sun N, Zhan L, Lu X, Chen T, Mao X et al. Association between work- related stress and risk of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. 2016; Avalaible from https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. Accessed on 23rd February 2021.
C o s g r o v e M P, S a r g e a n t L A , CaleyachettyR,GriffiSJ. Work-related stress and Type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Occupational Medicine. 2012; 62:167-173.
Hert DS. Burnout in healthcare workers: Prevalence, impact, and preventive strategies. Local and Regional Anaesthesia. 2020; 13:171-183.
Zubairi AJ, Noordin S. Factors associated with burnout among residents in a developing country. Annuals of Medicine and Surgery. 2016; 5(1):60-63.
Jacob LM, Nawaz MK, Hood JL, Bae S, Burnout among workers in a Paediatric health care system. Workplace, Health, and Safety. 2012; 80(8):335-343.
Arinze D, Nwosu G, OssaiEN, Mba UC, Anikwe I, Ewah R et al. Physician burnout in Nigeria: A multicenter cross-sectional study. BMC Health Services Research. 2020; 20:863.
Lasebikan VO, Oyetunde MO. Burnout among nurses in a Nigerian general hospital: Prevalence and associated Factors. International Schlolarly Research Network.2012; 54(02):1-9.
Lar-Ndam N, MadakiJKA, Pitmang L, Audu MD, Salihu DG. Burnout among primary care physicians in Jos- Plateau North central Nigeria. Nigeria Journal of Family Practice. 2015; 6(2):11-18.
Coker AO, Adewole OA, Shoga MO, Uzodinma CC. Burnout syndrome among orthopaedic surgeons in Lagos, Nigeria. East Cent Afr J Surg. 2012; 17(2):13-17.
Ogungbamila B. Occupational Burnout among Employees in service occupation in Nigeria: Are health workers different? Psychological thought. 2013; 6(1):153–165.
James KT, Edward A, Ted R, Bhakti H, Joseph D, Will F, et al. Factors associated with burnout during emergency medicine residency in Chicago. Academic Emergency Medicine Journal. 2014; 21(9):1031-1035.
Muhammad AC, Muhammad MK, Muhammad W, Zara ZA, Ahmad IH. Prevalence and associated factors of burnout among military doctors in Pakistan. Pak Armed Forces Med J. 2015; 65(5):669- 73.
Sirsawy U, Steinberg WJ, Raubenheimer JE. Levels of burnout among registrars and medical officers working at Bloemfontein public healthcare facilities. South African Family Practice. 2016; 58(6):213-218.
Dyrbye LN, Shanafelt TD, Sinsky CA, Cipriano PF, Bhatt J, Ommaya A, et al. Burnout among health care professionals: A call to explore and address this underrecognized threat to safe, high-quality care. NAM Perspectives. 2017. Avalaible at www://nam.edu/burnout-among-health-careprofessionals-a-call-to-explore-and- address-this-underrecognized-threat-to-safe-high-quality-care. Accessed 20 July 2018.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 African Journal of Tropical Medicine and Biomedical Research
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The data collected from registered and non-registered users of this journal falls within the scope of the standard functioning of peer-reviewed journals. It includes information that makes communication possible for the editorial process; it is used to informs readers about the authorship and editing of content; it enables collecting aggregated data on readership behaviors, as well as tracking geopolitical and social elements of scholarly communication.
This journal’s editorial team uses this data to guide its work in publishing and improving this journal. Data that will assist in developing this publishing platform may be shared with its developer Public Knowledge Project in an anonymized and aggregated form, with appropriate exceptions such as article metrics. The data will not be sold by this journal or PKP nor will it be used for purposes other than those stated here. The authors published in this journal are responsible for the human subject data that figures in the research reported here.
Those involved in editing this journal seek to be compliant with industry standards for data privacy, including the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) provision for “data subject rights” that include (a) breach notification; (b) right of access; (c) the right to be forgotten; (d) data portability; and (e) privacy by design. The GDPR also allows for the recognition of “the public interest in the availability of the data,” which has a particular saliency for those involved in maintaining, with the greatest integrity possible, the public record of scholarly publishing.
